WASHINGTON (AP) 鈥� The United States and Russia completed their biggest prisoner swap in post-Soviet history on Thursday, with Moscow releasing journalist and fellow American , along with dissidents including , in a multinational deal that set two dozen people free.
Gershkovich, Whelan and , a journalist with dual U.S.-Russia citizenship, arrived on American soil shortly before midnight for a joyful reunion with their families. President Joe Biden and Vice President Kamala Harris were also there to greet them.
The trade unfolded despite relations between Washington and Moscow being at their lowest point since the Cold War after Russian President Vladimir Putin鈥檚 . Negotiators in backchannel talks at one point explored an exchange involving , but after his death in February ultimately stitched together a 24-person deal that required significant concessions from European allies, including the release of a Russian assassin, and secured freedom for a cluster of journalists, suspected spies, political prisoners and others.
Biden trumpeted the exchange, by far the largest in a series of swaps with Russia, as a diplomatic feat while welcoming families of the returning Americans to the White House. But the deal, like others before it, reflected an innate imbalance: The U.S. and allies gave up Russians charged or convicted of serious crimes in exchange for Russia releasing journalists, dissidents and others imprisoned by the country's highly politicized legal system on charges seen by the West as trumped-up.
鈥淒eals like this one come with tough calls,鈥� Biden said, He added: 鈥淭here鈥檚 nothing that matters more to me than protecting Americans at home and abroad.鈥�
Under the deal, Russia released Gershkovich, a reporter for The Wall Street Journal who was jailed in 2023 and that he and the U.S. government vehemently denied. His family said in a statement released by the newspaper that 鈥渨e can't wait to give him the biggest hug and see his sweet and brave smile up close." The paper's editor-in-chief, Emma Tucker, called it a 鈥渏oyous day.鈥�
鈥淲hile we waited for this momentous day, we were determined to be as loud as we could be on Evan鈥檚 behalf. We are so grateful for all the voices that were raised when his was silent. We can finally say, in unison, 鈥榃elcome home, Evan,鈥欌�� she wrote in a letter posted online.
Also released was Whelan, a Michigan corporate security executive jailed since 2018, also on espionage charges he and Washington have denied, and Kurmasheva, a Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty journalist convicted in July of spreading false information about the Russian military, accusations her family and employer have rejected.
The dissidents released included Kara-Murza, a Kremlin critic and Pulitzer Prize-winning writer serving 25 years on charges of treason widely seen as politically motivated, as well as multiple associates . Freed Kremlin critics included Oleg Orlov, a , and Ilya Yashin,
The Russian side got , who was convicted in Germany in 2021 and sentenced to life in prison for killing a former Chechen rebel in a Berlin park two years earlier, apparently on the orders of Moscow鈥檚 security services. Throughout the negotiations, Moscow had been persistent in pressing for his release, with Putin himself raising it.
At the time of Navalny's death, officials were discussing a possible exchange involving Krasikov. But with that prospect erased, senior U.S. officials, including national security adviser Jake Sullivan, made a fresh push to encourage Germany to release Krasikov. In the end, a handful of the prisoners Russia released were either German nationals or dual German-Russian nationals.
Russia also received two alleged sleeper agents jailed in Slovenia, as well as three men charged by federal authorities in the U.S., including Roman Seleznev, , and Vadim Konoshchenok, a suspected Russian intelligence operative accused of providing American-made electronics and ammunition to the Russian military. Norway returned ; Poland sent back a man it detained on espionage charges.
鈥淭oday is a powerful example of why it鈥檚 vital to have friends in this world,鈥� Biden said.
All told, six countries released at least one prisoner and a seventh 鈥� Turkey 鈥� participated by hosting the location for the swap, in Ankara.
Biden placed securing the release of Americans held wrongfully overseas at the top of his foreign policy agenda for the six months before he leaves office. In an Oval Office address discussing his decision to drop his bid for a second term, Biden said, 鈥淲e鈥檙e also working around the clock to bring home Americans being unjustly detained all around the world.鈥�
At one point Thursday, he grabbed the hand of Whelan's sister, Elizabeth, and said she鈥檇 practically been living at the White House as the administration tried to free Paul. He then motioned for Kurmasheva鈥檚 daughter, Miriam, to come closer and took her hand, telling the room it was her 13th birthday. He asked everyone to sing 鈥淗appy Birthday鈥� with him. She wiped tears from her eyes.
The Biden administration has now brought home more than 70 Americans detained in other countries as part of deals that have required the U.S. to give up a broad array of convicted criminals, including for drug and weapons offenses. The swaps, though celebrated with fanfare, have spurred criticism that they incentivize future hostage-taking and give adversaries leverage over the U.S. and its allies.
The U.S. government's top hostage negotiator, Roger Carstens, has sought to defend the deals by has actually gone down even as swaps have increased.
Tucker, the Journal's editor-in-chief, acknowledged the debate, writing in a letter: 鈥淲e know the U.S. government is keenly aware, as are we, that the only way to prevent a quickening cycle of arresting innocent people as pawns in cynical geopolitical games is to remove the incentive for Russia and other nations that pursue the same detestable practice."
Though she called for a change to the dynamic, 鈥渇or now,鈥� she wrote, 鈥渨e are celebrating the return of Evan.鈥�
Thursday鈥檚 swap of 24 prisoners surpassed that was struck in 2010. In that exchange, Washington freed 10 Russians living in the U.S. as sleepers, while Moscow deported four Russians, including , a double agent working with British intelligence. He and his daughter in 2018 were nearly killed in Britain by nerve agent poisoning blamed on Russian agents.
Speculation had mounted for weeks that a swap was near because of a confluence of unusual developments, including , which Washington regarded as a sham. He was sentenced to 16 years in a maximum-security prison.
In a trial that concluded in two days in secrecy in the same week as Gershkovich鈥檚, on charges of spreading false information about the Russian military that her family, employer and U.S. officials rejected. Also in recent days, in Russia for speaking out against the war in Ukraine or over their work with Navalny were moved from prison to unknown locations.
Gershkovich was arrested March 29, 2023, while on a reporting trip to the Ural Mountains city of Yekaterinburg. Authorities claimed, without offering any evidence, that he was gathering secret information for the U.S. The son of Soviet emigres who settled in New Jersey, he moved to Russia in 2017 to work for The Moscow Times newspaper before being hired by the Journal in 2022.
Gershkovich was designated as wrongfully detained, as was Whelan, who was detained in December 2018 after traveling to Russia for a wedding.
Whelan, who was serving a 16-year prison sentence, had been excluded from prior high-profile deals involving Russia, including the April 2022 for Konstantin Yaroshenko, a Russian pilot convicted in a drug trafficking conspiracy. That December, the U.S. in exchange for WNBA star Brittney Griner, who鈥檇 been jailed on drug charges.
鈥淧aul Whelan is free. Our family is grateful to the United States government for making Paul鈥檚 freedom a reality,鈥� his family said in a statement.
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Litvinova reported from Tallinn, Estonia, and Lee from Mongolia. Associated Press writers Jonathan J. Cooper at Joint Base Andrews, Maryland, and Zeke Miller and Colleen Long contributed to this report.
Eric Tucker, Dasha Litvinova And Matthew Lee, The Associated Press
